![]() Descriptive and thematic content analyses were evaluated. Finally, through 5156 related citations, 20 articles were included. The focus was on the PRISMA checklist, with no time limitations until from 1990 to January 2020. Two combinations of groups were used as keywords: the Health Planning and development factor, air ambulance base. In this systematic literature review, the peer-reviewed papers in fiv electronic databases, including Medline through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest, as well as available gray literature, were searched and selected. The present research aimed to identify factors affecting the development of air ambulance bases to provide the opportunity of planning to improve the quality of emergency medical services. However, there are challenges concerning the optimal development of air ambulance base. Nowadays, air ambulances have been developed as part of advanced emergency medicine services with many countries employing these services for transferring patients in usual and emergency conditions. ![]() Municipality level data appears sufficient for proper analysis. The current base structure could be improved by moving or adding one or two select bases. Results using municipality level data were remarkably similar to those using fine grid information.Ĭonclusions The whole population could be reached in 45 min or less using nine optimally placed bases. Decreasing the threshold to 30 min approximately doubles the number of bases needed. Given the existing bases, the calculations imply the need for two more bases to achieve full coverage. Results For a 45 min threshold, 90% of the population could be covered using four bases, and 100% using nine bases. We reanalysed on municipality level data to explore the potential information loss using coarser population data. Optimal helicopter base locations were estimated using the maximal covering location problem facility location optimisation model, exploring the number of bases needed to cover various fractions of the population for time thresholds 30 and 45 min, both in green field scenarios and conditioning on the current base structure. Inhabited cells had a median (5–95 percentile) of 13 (1–391) inhabitants. ![]() Methods We used high resolution population data for Norway from 2015, dividing Norway into >300 000 1 km×1 km cells. The aim of the study was to estimate optimal air ambulance base locations. Norway has a nationwide physician staffed air ambulance service with 12 bases servicing a country with large geographical variations in population density. Background Helicopter emergency medical services are an important part of many healthcare systems.
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